關鍵字彙：
acrimonious/ acrimony/ admonish/ berate/ caustic/ censure/ chide/ condemn/ cynic/ cynical/ denounce/ fastidious/ fussy/ hairsplitting/ imprecation/ invective/ mordant/ rebuke/ reprehensible/ reprimand/ reproach/ reprove/ revile/ sarcastic/ slanderous/ stigmatize/ stricture/ tart/ vitriolic
1. 「指責」除了一般的scold和blame之外，還可用berate（正式）、reproach 、reprove或stigmatize：
•John was berated by the teacher for his habitual lying.
•The Trump administration keeps berating China for its insufficient transparency of the coronavirus outbreak.
•The clerk was reproached for being late.
•Mary's mother reproved her for staying out late.
•You must not stigmatize his reticence as insolence.
2. 「溫和地指責或警告」用admonish（正式），「嚴厲且強烈地指責」可用censure、condemn、reprimand和rebuke。其中，rebuke也常做名詞使用：
•The wife admonished his husband against smoking.
•His teacher censured his pessimistic perspective of life.
•Human Rights Watch called on the United Nations to censure the Chinese government for its various violations of international human rights standards.
•He was censured for his misconduct.
•Most people are willing to condemn violence of any sort (as evil).
•Tom was afraid that his parents would reprimand him when he showed them his report card.
•The teacher rebuked the child for his disobedience.
•The boy's bad behavior earned him a sharp rebuke.
3. 「公開且強烈地譴責」（例如傳播媒體所為者）叫denounce，文言敘述中的「指責」經常用chide：
•The minister's action was denounced in the newspapers.
•He was denounced by the press as a traitor.
•All citizens must denounce cruelty to children.
•The government's diplomatic policy has been denounced on all sides.
•King Arthur chided Sir Lancelot for his unfaithfulness.
4. 「辱罵」、「惡言相向」可用動詞revile或名詞invective或imprecation。另外，「誹謗的」、「做不實指控的」叫slanderous：
•He was avoided by all who feared that he would revile and abuse them if they displeased him.
•His proposal met with invective.
•The angry speaker hurled imprecations at those who would not listen to him.
•A slanderous tongue does hurt.
5. 「應受指責的」叫reprehensible：
•We find his present attitude reprehensible.
6. 「尖酸刻薄的」可用acrimonious、caustic、mordant、sarcastic、tart 或vitriolic，「尖酸刻薄」可用acrimony或stricture：
•The young writer was stung by the acrimonious remark.
•John's always making caustic remarks about his colleagues.
•The critic's caustic comments angered the performers.
•His political opponents feared his mordant tongue, and even more his mordant pen.
•The critic was noted for his sarcastic comments on actors' performances.
•The salesgirl gave her customer a tart reply.
•The movie critic is famous for his vitriolic reviews.
•It is not right for teachers to blame students with acrimony.
•The critic's stricture on the young writer's style is prejudiced and unwarranted.
7. 「吹毛求疵的」可用fastidious、fussy或hairsplitting：
•Helen is too fastidious to eat with her fingers.
•The waitress disliked serving him dinner because of his very fastidious taste.
•Don't be fussy about food.
•We don't like his hairsplitting habits.
8. 「憤世嫉俗的」叫cynical，「憤世嫉俗者」叫cynic：
•He belittled the hero with a cynical remark.
•A cynic at all times, he was suspicious of all altruistic actions of others.
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