關鍵字彙：
conserve/ deplete/ exert/ exploit/ futile/ harness/ implement/ inexhaustible/ manipulate/ obsolete/ peter out/ prey on, prey upon/ resort to/ shabby/ utilitarian/ utilize/ wield
1. 「實用的」叫utilitarian，「破舊的」、「不堪使用的」可用shabby，「已廢棄不用的」叫obsolete，「無用的」、「徒勞的」叫futile：
•The building is beautiful but not utilitarian.
•This is a shabby old hat.
•Some old-fashioned social customs are obsolete.
•This is an obsolete word that is not even included by most dictionaries.
•All his attempts to unlock the door were futile because he was using the wrong key.
•Don't waste time in asking futile questions.
•Efforts to convince a prejudiced person like him will be futile.
2. 「善加利用」、「有效利用」叫utilize（正式），如果善用的方式是節約、避 免浪費以確保資源得以永續供應，用conserve。另外，「利用」太陽能、風等天然力以產生動能用harness：
•The city will utilize its garbage as landfill.
•She utilized her English ability in teaching.
•We must conserve our forests if we are to make sure of a future supply of wood.
•Energy should be conserved.
•Taking environmental protection into account, we need to harness the energy of the sun.
3. 運用力量或技巧叫exert，運用權勢、影響力等叫wield：
•She couldn't open the door, even by exerting all her strength.
•My wife's been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job.
•A capable leader knows how to wield his power properly.
•The retired businessman still wields enormous influence in commercial circles.
4. 熟練地「操控」機器或人用manipulate，假如對人的操控到了「剝削」的程度，用exploit或片語prey on (prey upon)：
•While learning driving, you must first learn how to manipulate the steering wheel.
•The manager had various ways to manipulate his young, inexperienced secretary.
•He exploited the poor by making them work for less pay.
•The owner of the sweatshop denied having exploited the workmen.
•These refugees were exploited by unscrupulous employers.
•The government tried to prevent loan sharks from preying upon the poor.
5. 「採用」新的制度、系統或方案等叫implement，因為無計可施等因素而「使用」不妥當或甚至不好的解決方法（也就是「訴諸」）用resort to：
•The changes of the taxation system will be implemented next year.
•The determination of policy is not your business; your job is to implement it.
•Local governments will be given some leeway as how to implement the regulation.
•He has been vested with the power/ authority to implement whatever changes he sees fit.
•In an attempt to implement his ideas, John decided to take part in the election.
•I hope they don't resort to a lawsuit to accomplish their goals.
•She will resort to anything to get her way.
•There must be some other means; don't resort to violence.
6. 「逐漸消耗終致用完」叫peter out，「用盡」叫deplete，「取之不盡的」叫inexhaustible：
•Their oil will peter out sooner or later.
•We must wait until we deplete our present inventory before we order replacements.
•The government depleted the public treasury by vast building programs.
•It's a great mistake now to think that the supply of water on earth is inexhaustible.
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