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中文「運動」這個詞用法落差頗大,以下將逐一說明:

關鍵字彙:

campaign/ cause/ drive/ exercise/ movement/ sport

1. 說到「運動」的英文,我們最先想到的自然是exercisesport。一般而言,exercise是不可數名詞,泛指運動這個概念,或者說是運動的總稱。sport雖也做不可數名詞,但更常用來指特定的運動項目和種類,特別是只一些需要體力或技術的運動。

比較:

•Riding a bike is an excellent form of exercise.

•Bike-riding is my father's favorite sport.

其它例子:

•Exercise improves our heart and lung power.

•Most people need to do/ get/ take more exercise.

•Exercise of the mental faculties is as important as bodily exercise.

•Mountain climbing is one of the most difficult sports.

•My favorite sports are walking, swimming, and yoga.

•I am fond of sport(s).

•He used to play a lot of sport(s).

2. 中文的「運動」,有時是指一群人為達成某種目標所投注的心力。此外,也指某種逐步醞釀、發展和蛻變的趨勢或思潮,這種意思的movement後面經常接介系詞toward

•The aim of the labor movement was, and is, to obtain higher wages and better conditions for workers.

•The civil rights movement of the 1960s was influential.

•Mendes led a movement to stop destruction of the rain forest.

•The movement for independence showed no signs of success at the very beginning.

•There have been several movements for reform over the last century.

•The conservative politician argues that the movement toward democracy will lead his country to nothing but chaos.

•There's been a movement towards equality with men in the workplace.

3. 如果強調範圍較小、時間較短或甚至利益僅限於某特定族群的一種運動或一系列活動,應用campaigndrivedrive較不正式。這兩個字都可以和動詞launch一起使用。

•The department store started an advertising campaign last week.

•This is a campaign for equal rights.

•The townspeople have launched a campaign against the school's closure.

•There's been a campaign by local farmers to ban imported oranges.

•Police have launched a campaign to crack down on drug dealers.

•We quite sympathize with the region's drive for independence.

•The company is launching a major recruitment drive.

•There's been a nationwide drive to crack down on crime.

•The shopping mall has embarked on a drive to improve its image.

4. 「運動」這個詞,中文裡也指一群人所支持和維護的某種理想、信念或某個組織,這種意思的「運動」要用cause。它經常和動詞champion連用。

•My father fought for the Nationalist cause.

•People admire her for her lifelong devotion to the cause of women's rights.

•He has championed the cause of renewable energy since the mid-1970s.

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